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Struts1.x系列教程(11):Validator验证框架高级应用

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<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8"> <meta name="ProgId" content="Word.Document"> <meta name="Generator" content="Microsoft Word 11"> <meta name="Originator" content="Microsoft Word 11"> <link rel="File-List" href="file:///C:%5CDOCUME%7E1%5CADMINI%7E1%5CLOCALS%7E1%5CTemp%5Cmsohtml1%5C04%5Cclip_filelist.xml"> <!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> Normal 0 7.8 磅 0 2 false false false MicrosoftInternetExplorer4 </xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><![endif]--><style> <!-- /* Font Definitions */ &#64;font-face {font-family:宋体; panose-1:2 1 6 0 3 1 1 1 1 1;} &#64;font-face {font-family:""&#64;宋体"; panose-1:2 1 6 0 3 1 1 1 1 1;} /* Style Definitions */ p.MsoNormal, li.MsoNormal, div.MsoNormal {mso-style-parent:""; margin:0cm; margin-bottom:.0001pt; text-align:justify; text-justify:inter-ideograph; font-size:10.5pt; font-family:"Times New Roman";} /* Page Definitions */ &#64;page {} &#64;page Section1 {size:612.0pt 792.0pt; margin:72.0pt 90.0pt 72.0pt 90.0pt;} div.Section1 {page:Section1;} --> </style> <!--[if gte mso 10]> <style> /* Style Definitions */ table.MsoNormalTable { mso-style-parent:""; font-size:10.0pt; font-family:"Times New Roman";} </style> <![endif]-->

本文为原创,如需转载,请注明作者和出处,谢谢!

上一篇Struts1.x系列教程(10):Validator验证框架入门

Struts2教程4:使用validate方法验证数据

Struts2教程5:使用Validation框架验证数据

《Struts1.x系列教程(10):Validator验证框架入门》一文中给出的例子中的nameageemail都是简单的属性,如果是嵌套的属性(也就是一个属性的数据类型是另外一个带有属性的类),可以使用圆点(.)符号来访问。如我们可以通过设置<field>元素的property属性值为“employee.salary”来验证employee属性中的salary属性。
如果要验证的索引属性,我们可以使用<field>元素的indexedListProperty属性来指定这个索引属性,如下面代码如示:

<!--<br /> <br /> Code highlighting produced by Actipro CodeHighlighter (freeware)<br /> http://www.CodeHighlighter.com/<br /> <br /> --><fieldindexedListProperty="items"depends=></field>

<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8"><meta name="ProgId" content="Word.Document"><meta name="Generator" content="Microsoft Word 11"><meta name="Originator" content="Microsoft Word 11"><link rel="File-List" href="file:///C:%5CDOCUME%7E1%5CADMINI%7E1%5CLOCALS%7E1%5CTemp%5Cmsohtml1%5C04%5Cclip_filelist.xml"><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> Normal 0 7.8 磅 0 2 false false false MicrosoftInternetExplorer4 </xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><![endif]--><style> <!-- /* Font Definitions */ &#64;font-face {font-family:宋体; panose-1:2 1 6 0 3 1 1 1 1 1;} &#64;font-face {font-family:""&#64;宋体"; panose-1:2 1 6 0 3 1 1 1 1 1;} /* Style Definitions */ p.MsoNormal, li.MsoNormal, div.MsoNormal {mso-style-parent:""; margin:0cm; margin-bottom:.0001pt; text-align:justify; text-justify:inter-ideograph; font-size:10.5pt; font-family:"Times New Roman";} /* Page Definitions */ &#64;page {} &#64;page Section1 {size:612.0pt 792.0pt; margin:72.0pt 90.0pt 72.0pt 90.0pt;} div.Section1 {page:Section1;} --> </style><!--[if gte mso 10]> <style> /* Style Definitions */ table.MsoNormalTable { mso-style-parent:""; font-size:10.0pt; font-family:"Times New Roman";} </style> <![endif]-->在使用上述配置代码后,Validator框架将会按着depends属性中的约束来验证items属性的每一个值。我们还可以将property和indexedListProperty配合使用,如下面代码所示:

<!--<br /> <br /> Code highlighting produced by Actipro CodeHighlighter (freeware)<br /> http://www.CodeHighlighter.com/<br /> <br /> --><fieldindexedListProperty="items"property="employee.age"depends=></field>

<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8"><meta name="ProgId" content="Word.Document"><meta name="Generator" content="Microsoft Word 11"><meta name="Originator" content="Microsoft Word 11"><link rel="File-List" href="file:///C:%5CDOCUME%7E1%5CADMINI%7E1%5CLOCALS%7E1%5CTemp%5Cmsohtml1%5C04%5Cclip_filelist.xml"><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> Normal 0 7.8 磅 0 2 false false false MicrosoftInternetExplorer4 </xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><![endif]--><style> <!-- /* Font Definitions */ &#64;font-face {font-family:宋体; panose-1:2 1 6 0 3 1 1 1 1 1;} &#64;font-face {font-family:""&#64;宋体"; panose-1:2 1 6 0 3 1 1 1 1 1;} /* Style Definitions */ p.MsoNormal, li.MsoNormal, div.MsoNormal {mso-style-parent:""; margin:0cm; margin-bottom:.0001pt; text-align:justify; text-justify:inter-ideograph; font-size:10.5pt; font-family:"Times New Roman";} /* Page Definitions */ &#64;page {} &#64;page Section1 {size:612.0pt 792.0pt; margin:72.0pt 90.0pt 72.0pt 90.0pt;} div.Section1 {page:Section1;} --> </style><!--[if gte mso 10]> <style> /* Style Definitions */ table.MsoNormalTable { mso-style-parent:""; font-size:10.0pt; font-family:"Times New Roman";} </style> <![endif]-->

Validator框架将根据上述的配置代码来验证items属性中的每一项的employee.age属性。

二、使用常量和变量

1. 常量

《Struts1.x系列教程(10):Validator验证框架入门》一文中的name属性使用了mask进行验证。这个mask实际上代表了一个正则表达式。但如果在validator.xml文件中有很多个地方需要用到这个正则表达式,那就它就会在很多地方重复。为此,我们可以使用常量来避免这种事情发生。

常量分为全局常量和局部常量。

1)全局常量

全局常量可以被用在validator.xml中定义的所有form中。我们可以使用<global>元素来配置全局常量。为了配置全局常量,将如下的内容放到第一个<formset>元素的前面。

<!--<br /> <br /> Code highlighting produced by Actipro CodeHighlighter (freeware)<br /> http://www.CodeHighlighter.com/<br /> <br /> --><global>
<constant>
<constant-name>mask</constant-name>
<constant-value>^[a-zA-Z0-9]*$</constant-value>
</constant>
</global>
<formset>

<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8"><meta name="ProgId" content="Word.Document"><meta name="Generator" content="Microsoft Word 11"><meta name="Originator" content="Microsoft Word 11"><link rel="File-List" href="file:///C:%5CDOCUME%7E1%5CADMINI%7E1%5CLOCALS%7E1%5CTemp%5Cmsohtml1%5C04%5Cclip_filelist.xml"><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> Normal 0 7.8 磅 0 2 false false false MicrosoftInternetExplorer4 </xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><![endif]--><style> <!-- /* Font Definitions */ &#64;font-face {font-family:宋体; panose-1:2 1 6 0 3 1 1 1 1 1;} &#64;font-face {font-family:""&#64;宋体"; panose-1:2 1 6 0 3 1 1 1 1 1;} /* Style Definitions */ p.MsoNormal, li.MsoNormal, div.MsoNormal {mso-style-parent:""; margin:0cm; margin-bottom:.0001pt; text-align:justify; text-justify:inter-ideograph; font-size:10.5pt; font-family:"Times New Roman";} /* Page Definitions */ &#64;page {} &#64;page Section1 {size:612.0pt 792.0pt; margin:72.0pt 90.0pt 72.0pt 90.0pt;} div.Section1 {page:Section1;} --> </style><!--[if gte mso 10]> <style> /* Style Definitions */ table.MsoNormalTable { mso-style-parent:""; font-size:10.0pt; font-family:"Times New Roman";} </style> <![endif]-->(2)局部常量
局部常量需要放到<formset>元素的开始位置(根据DTD的定义,局部常量只能放到这里,而全局常量可以放在第一个<formset>元素的前面,也可以放到<formset>的后面)。如下面的代码所示:

<!--<br /> <br /> Code highlighting produced by Actipro CodeHighlighter (freeware)<br /> http://www.CodeHighlighter.com/<br /> <br /> --><formset>
<constant>
<constant-name>mask</constant-name>
<constant-value>^[a-zA-Z0-9]*$</constant-value>
</constant>
<formname="firstValidatorForm">

</formset>

我们可以编写如下的代码来使用mask常量:

<!--<br /> <br /> Code highlighting produced by Actipro CodeHighlighter (freeware)<br /> http://www.CodeHighlighter.com/<br /> <br /> --><var>
<var-name>mask</var-name>
<var-value>${mask}</var-value>
</var>

<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8"><meta name="ProgId" content="Word.Document"><meta name="Generator" content="Microsoft Word 11"><meta name="Originator" content="Microsoft Word 11"><link rel="File-List" href="file:///C:%5CDOCUME%7E1%5CADMINI%7E1%5CLOCALS%7E1%5CTemp%5Cmsohtml1%5C04%5Cclip_filelist.xml"><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> Normal 0 7.8 磅 0 2 false false false MicrosoftInternetExplorer4 </xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><![endif]--><style> <!-- /* Font Definitions */ &#64;font-face {font-family:宋体; panose-1:2 1 6 0 3 1 1 1 1 1;} &#64;font-face {font-family:""&#64;宋体"; panose-1:2 1 6 0 3 1 1 1 1 1;} /* Style Definitions */ p.MsoNormal, li.MsoNormal, div.MsoNormal {mso-style-parent:""; margin:0cm; margin-bottom:.0001pt; text-align:justify; text-justify:inter-ideograph; font-size:10.5pt; font-family:"Times New Roman";} /* Page Definitions */ &#64;page {} &#64;page Section1 {size:612.0pt 792.0pt; margin:72.0pt 90.0pt 72.0pt 90.0pt;} div.Section1 {page:Section1;} --> </style><!--[if gte mso 10]> <style> /* Style Definitions */ table.MsoNormalTable { mso-style-parent:""; font-size:10.0pt; font-family:"Times New Roman";} </style> <![endif]-->
2. 变量

Validator框架通过<var>元素来定义变量。变量将作为<field>的子元素被使用。主要向depends属性值(如mask)以及<msg>的错误信息传递数据。如下面的代码通过变量required将“姓名”传递给了错误信息的第一个参数{0}。

<!--<br /> <br /> Code highlighting produced by Actipro CodeHighlighter (freeware)<br /> http://www.CodeHighlighter.com/<br /> <br /> --> <fieldproperty="name"depends="required">
<msgname="required"key="error.name.blank"/>
<argname="required"key="${var:required}"position="0"resource="false"/>
<var>
<var-name>required</var-name>
<var-value>姓名</var-value>
</var>
</field>

<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8"><meta name="ProgId" content="Word.Document"><meta name="Generator" content="Microsoft Word 11"><meta name="Originator" content="Microsoft Word 11"><link rel="File-List" href="file:///C:%5CDOCUME%7E1%5CADMINI%7E1%5CLOCALS%7E1%5CTemp%5Cmsohtml1%5C04%5Cclip_filelist.xml"><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> Normal 0 7.8 磅 0 2 false false false MicrosoftInternetExplorer4 </xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><![endif]--><style> <!-- /* Font Definitions */ &#64;font-face {font-family:宋体; panose-1:2 1 6 0 3 1 1 1 1 1;} &#64;font-face {font-family:""&#64;宋体"; panose-1:2 1 6 0 3 1 1 1 1 1;} /* Style Definitions */ p.MsoNormal, li.MsoNormal, div.MsoNormal {mso-style-parent:""; margin:0cm; margin-bottom:.0001pt; text-align:justify; text-justify:inter-ideograph; font-size:10.5pt; font-family:"Times New Roman";} /* Page Definitions */ &#64;page {} &#64;page Section1 {size:612.0pt 792.0pt; margin:72.0pt 90.0pt 72.0pt 90.0pt;} div.Section1 {page:Section1;} --> </style><!--[if gte mso 10]> <style> /* Style Definitions */ table.MsoNormalTable { mso-style-parent:""; font-size:10.0pt; font-family:"Times New Roman";} </style> <![endif]-->

三、客户端验证

使用Validator框架的好处之一就是可以很容易地将服务端验证变为客户端验证(JavaScript验证)。为了完成这一转换,我们只需要修改两个地方。现在就拿《Struts1.x系列教程(10):Validator验证框架入门》中的firstValidator.jsp为例来说明要修改什么。
首先,在firstValidator.jsp中的任何地方(当然,任何地方指的是客户端代码区,并不包括<%...%>和<%--... --%>所包含的内容)添加如下的<html:javascript>标签:

<!--<br /> <br /> Code highlighting produced by Actipro CodeHighlighter (freeware)<br /> http://www.CodeHighlighter.com/<br /> <br /> --><html:javascriptformName="firstValidatorForm"/>

<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8"><meta name="ProgId" content="Word.Document"><meta name="Generator" content="Microsoft Word 11"><meta name="Originator" content="Microsoft Word 11"><link rel="File-List" href="file:///C:%5CDOCUME%7E1%5CADMINI%7E1%5CLOCALS%7E1%5CTemp%5Cmsohtml1%5C04%5Cclip_filelist.xml"><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> Normal 0 7.8 磅 0 2 false false false MicrosoftInternetExplorer4 </xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><![endif]--><style> <!-- /* Font Definitions */ &#64;font-face {font-family:宋体; panose-1:2 1 6 0 3 1 1 1 1 1;} &#64;font-face {font-family:""&#64;宋体"; panose-1:2 1 6 0 3 1 1 1 1 1;} /* Style Definitions */ p.MsoNormal, li.MsoNormal, div.MsoNormal {mso-style-parent:""; margin:0cm; margin-bottom:.0001pt; text-align:justify; text-justify:inter-ideograph; font-size:10.5pt; font-family:"Times New Roman";} /* Page Definitions */ &#64;page {} &#64;page Section1 {size:612.0pt 792.0pt; margin:72.0pt 90.0pt 72.0pt 90.0pt;} div.Section1 {page:Section1;} --> </style><!--[if gte mso 10]> <style> /* Style Definitions */ table.MsoNormalTable { mso-style-parent:""; font-size:10.0pt; font-family:"Times New Roman";} </style> <![endif]-->然后在<html:form>标签中加入如下的属性:

<!--<br /> <br /> Code highlighting produced by Actipro CodeHighlighter (freeware)<br /> http://www.CodeHighlighter.com/<br /> <br /> -->onsubmit="returnvalidateFirstValidatorForm(this);"

<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8"><meta name="ProgId" content="Word.Document"><meta name="Generator" content="Microsoft Word 11"><meta name="Originator" content="Microsoft Word 11"><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> Normal 0 7.8 磅 0 2 false false false MicrosoftInternetExplorer4 </xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><![endif]--><style> <!-- /* Font Definitions */ &#64;font-face {font-family:宋体; panose-1:2 1 6 0 3 1 1 1 1 1;} &#64;font-face {font-family:""&#64;宋体"; panose-1:2 1 6 0 3 1 1 1 1 1;} /* Style Definitions */ p.MsoNormal, li.MsoNormal, div.MsoNormal {mso-style-parent:""; margin:0cm; margin-bottom:.0001pt; text-align:justify; text-justify:inter-ideograph; font-size:10.5pt; font-family:"Times New Roman";} /* Page Definitions */ &#64;page {} &#64;page Section1 {size:612.0pt 792.0pt; margin:72.0pt 90.0pt 72.0pt 90.0pt;} div.Section1 {page:Section1;} --> </style><!--[if gte mso 10]> <style> /* Style Definitions */ table.MsoNormalTable { mso-style-parent:""; font-size:10.0pt; font-family:"Times New Roman";} </style> <![endif]--> 现在再运行firstValidator.jsp,如果输入错误,IE就会直接弹出错误信息对话框。我们查看客户端源代码就会发现,在源代码中多了很多JavaScript代码。实际上,当加入<html:javascript>标签后,在运行JSP页面时,Servlet引擎就会将Validator框架中JavaScript版本的预定义验证代码连同HTML代码都发送到客户端。这些JavaScript代码中有一个入口函数,这个函数的名称前缀为validate,后面是首字母大写的Form名。在<html:form>标签中的onsubmit事件中调用这个入口函数就可以通过JavaScript代码来验证客户端录入的数据了。

下一篇:
Struts1.x系列教程(12):Validator验证框架的内置标准验证



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